| Name
|
House
|
Born
|
Reign
|
Death
|
Notes
|
| Kenneth I MacAlpin
|
House of Alpin (Scotland)
|
810
|
843–858
|
13 February 858 (aged 47)
|
Tumour
|
| Constantine II
|
before 879
|
900–943
|
952 (aged 73-74)
|
|
| Eadred
|
West Saxons (England)
|
c. 923
|
946–955
|
23 November 955 (aged c. 32)
|
|
| Edgar the Peaceable
|
c. 943
|
959–975
|
8 July 975 (aged 31/32)
|
|
| Ethelred II the Unready
|
c. 968
|
978–1013
1014–1016
|
23 April 1016 (aged ~50)
|
|
| Edmund II Ironside
|
c. 988/993
|
1016
|
30 November 1016 (aged 25-26)
|
|
| Sweyn Forkbeard
|
Danish Kings (England)
|
17 April 963
|
1013–1014
|
3 February 1014 (aged 50)
|
|
| Malcolm II
|
House of Alpin (Scotland)
|
c. 980
|
1005–1034
|
25 November 1034 (aged 79/80)
|
|
| Cnut the Great
|
Danish Kings (England)
|
c. 995
|
1016–1035
|
12 November 1035 (aged ~45)
|
|
| Harold I Harefoot
|
c. 1015
|
1035–1040
|
17 March 1040
|
|
| Harthacnut
|
1018
|
1040–1042
|
8 June 1042 (aged 23-24)
|
|
| St Edward the Confessor
|
West Saxon Restoration (England)
|
c. 1004
|
1042–1066
|
4 January 1066 (aged 60-63)
|
|
| Edgar
|
House of Dunkeld (Scotland)
|
1074
|
1097–1107
|
8 January 1107
|
[1]
|
| Alexander I
|
c. 1078
|
1107–1124
|
23 April 1124 (aged 45)
|
|
| Edgar the Atheling
|
West Saxon Restoration (England)
|
c. 1051
|
1066
|
c. 1126
|
Proclaimed by surviving English nobles, clerics and magnates, but never crowned, as the Normans approached after Hastings.
|
| Henry I
|
The Normans (England)
|
c. September 1068
|
1100–1135
|
1 December 1135 (aged ~67)
|
Died of food poisoning from eating “a surfeit of lampreys”
|
| David I
|
House of Dunkeld (Scotland)
|
1084
|
1124–1153
|
24 May 1153 (aged 68-69)
|
Died of illness.
|
| Stephen of Blois
|
House of Blois (England)
|
c. 1096
|
1135–1154
|
25 October 1154 (aged ~58)
|
Stomach disease
|
| Malcolm IV
|
House of Dunkeld (Scotland)
|
23 April/24 May 1141
|
1153–1165
|
9 December 1165 (aged 24)
|
His premature death may have been hastened by osteitis deformans.[2]
|
| Matilda (Empress Maud)
|
Angevins or Plantagenets (England)
|
February 1102
|
1141
|
10 September 1167 (aged 65)
|
|
| Henry II
|
5 March 1133
|
1154–1189
|
6 July 1189 (aged 56)
|
He collapsed into shock and fever and eventually died.
|
| William I
|
House of Dunkeld (Scotland)
|
c. 1143
|
1165–1214
|
4 December 1214 (aged 71-72)
|
Natural causes
|
| John “Lackland”
|
Monarchs of England and Ireland (England)
|
24 December 1166
|
1199–1216
|
19 October 1216 (aged 49)
|
Retreating from the French invasion, John crossed the marshy area known as The Wash in East Anglia and eventually died from dysentery.
|
| Alexander II
|
House of Dunkeld (Scotland)
|
24 August 1198
|
1214–1249
|
6 July 1249 (aged 50)
|
Died after suffering a fever on the Isle of Kerrera in the Inner Hebrides.
|
| Henry III
|
Monarchs of England and Ireland (England)
|
1 October 1207
|
1216–1272
|
16 November 1272 (aged 65)
|
Died of illness.
|
| Margaret
|
House of Sverre Dunkeld (Scotland)
|
9 April 1283
|
1286–1290
|
26 September 1290 (aged 7)
|
Food poisoning and sea sickness.
|
| Edward I “Longshanks”
|
House of Plantagenet (England)
|
17 June 1239
|
1272–1307
|
7 July 1307 (aged 68)
|
Dysentery (confirmed); cancer (possible)
|
| John Balliol
|
House of Balliol (Scotland)
|
c. 1249
|
1292–1296
|
c. November 1314 (aged ~65)
|
Natural causes
|
| Robert I the Bruce
|
House of Bruce (Scotland)
|
11 July 1274
|
1306–1329
|
7 June 1329 (aged 54)
|
Suffered for some years from what some contemporary accounts describe as an “unclean ailment”; the traditional story is that he died of leprosy, but this is disputed. Other suggestions include syphilis, psoriasis, and a series of strokes.
|
| Edward Balliol
|
House of Balliol (Scotland)
|
c. 1283
|
1332–1336
|
c. 1364 (aged ~81)
|
Natural causes
|
| David II
|
House of Bruce (Scotland)
|
5 March 1324
|
1329–1371
|
22 February 1371 (aged 46)
|
Natural causes
|
| Edward III
|
Monarchs of England and Ireland (England)
|
13 November 1312
|
1327–1377
|
21 June 1377 (aged 64)
|
Died of a stroke
|
| Robert II
|
House of Stuart (Scotland)
|
2 March 1316
|
1371–1390
|
19 April 1390 (aged 74)
|
Died of old age.
|
| Robert III
|
c. 1340
|
1390–1406
|
4 April 1406 (aged 68-69)
|
Death said to have been caused by the shock of hearing that his son James (later King James I of Scotland) had been captured by the English.
|
| Henry IV
|
House of Lancaster (England)
|
c. April 1367
|
1399–1413
|
20 March 1413 (aged 45)
|
Several years of ill health: some type of visible skin ailment. Leprosy is also rumoured to have been possible.
|
| Henry V
|
16 September 1386
|
1413–1422
|
31 August 1422 (aged 35)
|
Natural causes, probably dysentery
|
| Edward IV
|
House of York (England)
|
28 April 1442
|
1461–1470
1471–1483
|
9 April 1483 (aged 40)
|
Unclear, possibly apoplexy brought on by excess.
|
| Henry VII
|
House of Tudor (England)
|
28 January 1457
|
1485–1509
|
21 April 1509 (aged 52)
|
Tuberculosis
|
| James V
|
House of Stuart (Scotland)
|
10 April 1512
|
1513–1542
|
14 December 1542 (aged 30)
|
Died of ill health shortly after the Battle of Solway Moss
|
| Henry VIII
|
House of Tudor (England)
|
28 June 1491
|
1509–1547
|
28 January 1547 (aged 55)
|
Suffered from gout and obesity. Obesity dates from a jousting accident in 1536 in which he suffered a leg wound. This prevented him from exercising and gradually became ulcerated. Also possibly suffered from syphilis and/or diabetes
|
| Edward VI
|
12 October 1537
|
1547–1553
|
6 July 1553 (aged 15)
|
Tuberculosis, arsenic poisoning, or congenital syphilis?
|
| Mary I
|
18 February 1516
|
1553–1558
|
17 November 1558 (aged 42)
|
Possibly ovarian cancer
|
| Philip
|
House of Habsburg (England)
|
21 May 1527
|
1554–1558
|
13 September 1598 (aged 71)
|
Cancer
|
| Elizabeth I
|
House of Tudor (England)
|
7 September 1533
|
1558–1603
|
24 March 1603 (aged 69)
|
Suffered from frailty and insomnia
|
| James VI and I
|
House of Stuart
|
19 June 1566
|
1567–1625 (Scotland)
1603-1625 (England)
|
27 March 1625 (aged 58)
|
Suffered from senility and died of ‘tertian ague‘, probably brought on by kidney failure and a stroke
|
| Oliver Cromwell
|
(Interregnum)
|
25 April 1599
|
1653-1658
|
3 September 1658 (aged 59)
|
Struck by a sudden bout of malarial fever, followed directly by an attack of urinary/kidney symptoms.
|
| Charles II
|
House of Stuart
|
29 May 1630
|
1660–1685 England
1649–1651 and 1660–1685 Scotland
(1649–1685 de jure)
|
6 February 1685 (aged 54)
|
Died suddenly of uremia
|
| James II and VII
|
14 October 1633
|
1685–1688
|
16 September 1701 (aged 67)
|
Stroke
|
| Mary II
|
30 April 1662
|
1689–1694
|
28 December 1694 (aged 32)
|
Died of smallpox at Kensington Palace
|
| Richard Cromwell
|
(Interregnum)
|
4 October 1626
|
1658-1659
|
12 July 1712 (aged 85)
|
The longest-lived British head of state until Elizabeth II.
|
| Anne
|
House of Stuart
|
6 February 1665
|
1702–1714
|
1 August 1714 (aged 49)
|
Died of suppressed gout, ending in erysipelas, an abscess and fever. Her 17 ill-fated pregnancies perhaps ravaged her body.
|
| George I
|
House of Hanover
|
28 May 1660
|
1714–1727
|
11 June 1727 (aged 67)
|
Stroke
|
| George II
|
30 October 1683
|
1727–1760
|
25 October 1760 (aged 76)
|
Aortic dissection while on the toilet
|
| George III
|
4 June 1738
|
1760–1820
|
29 January 1820 (aged 81)
|
Porphyria (disputed), a genetic disorder. Suffered bouts of mental illness from 1788 onwards.
|
| George IV
|
12 August 1762
|
1820–1830
|
26 June 1830 (aged 67)
|
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by the rupture of gastric varices. Developed cataracts, alcoholism, opioid dependence, obesity, gout, oedema, arteriosclerosis and possibly porphyria and cancer.
|
| William IV
|
21 August 1765
|
1830–1837
|
20 June 1837 (aged 71)
|
Congestive heart failure and bronchopneumonia.
|
| Victoria
|
24 May 1819
|
1837–1901
|
22 January 1901 (aged 81)
|
Age and heart failure
|
| Edward VII
|
House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
|
9 November 1841
|
1901–1910
|
6 May 1910 (aged 68)
|
Bed-ridden by bronchitis; died of a myocardial infarction
|
| George VI
|
House of Windsor
|
14 December 1895
|
1936–1952
|
6 February 1952 (aged 56)
|
Had lung cancer and arteriosclerosis due to heavy cigarette smoking; died in his sleep of a coronary thrombosis
|
| Edward VIII
|
23 June 1894
|
1936
|
28 May 1972 (aged 77)
|
Throat cancer
|
| Elizabeth II
|
21 April 1926
|
1952–2022
|
8 September 2022 (aged 96)
|
Old age; died in Balmoral Castle, Scotland
|
